SaltStack学习笔记2-- salt-api安装配置(转载)
原文地址:http://www.xiaomastack.com/2014/11/18/salt-api/
salt-api也用了一段时间了,现在从安装、配置、使用三个方面梳理下知识。
# 安装
采用pip安装方便快捷,当然编译安装也很nice。
安装pip采用的编译安装的方式,版本当前最新1.5.6,下载、解压、编译、安装是不变的法则。
[root@saltstack ~]#wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/p/pip/pip-1.5.6.tar.gz#md5=01026f87978932060cc86c1dc527903e --no-check-certificate
[root@saltstack ~]#tar xvfz pip-1.5.6.tar.gz
[root@saltstack ~]#cd pip-1.5.6
[root@saltstack pip-1.5.6]#python setup.py build
[root@saltstack pip-1.5.6]#python setup.py install
#安装完成后可以用pip freeze查看已安装的packages
[root@saltstack pip-1.5.6]#pip freeze
安装CherryPy,版本3.2.3
[root@saltstack ~]#pip install cherrypy==3.2.3
安装salt-api,版本0.8.3
[root@saltstack ~]#pip install salt-api==0.8.3
# 配置
[root@saltstack ~]# cd /etc/pki/tls/certs
[root@saltstack certs]# make testcert
umask 77 ; \
/usr/bin/openssl genrsa -aes128 2048 > /etc/pki/tls/private/localhost.key
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
...+++
..................................................................+++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
Enter pass phrase: #键入加密短语,4到8191个字符
Verifying - Enter pass phrase: #确认加密短语
umask 77 ; \
/usr/bin/openssl req -utf8 -new -key /etc/pki/tls/private/localhost.key -x509 -days 365 -out /etc/pki/tls/certs/localhost.crt -set_serial 0
Enter pass phrase for /etc/pki/tls/private/localhost.key: #再次输入相同的加密短语
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN #都可以选填
State or Province Name (full name) []:Shanghai
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:Shanghai
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:
Email Address []:1989051805@qq.com
[root@saltstack certs]# cd ../private/
[root@saltstack private]# openssl rsa -in localhost.key -out localhost_nopass.key
Enter pass phrase for localhost.key: #输入之前的加密短语
writing RSA key
如果遇到这样的错误
[root@saltstack certs]# make testcert
umask 77 ; \
/usr/bin/openssl req -utf8 -new -key /etc/pki/tls/private/localhost.key -x509 -days 365 -out /etc/pki/tls/certs/localhost.crt -set_serial 0
unable to load Private Key
139696733648712:error:0906D06C:PEM routines:PEM_read_bio:no start line:pem_lib.c:703:Expecting: ANY PRIVATE KEY
make: *** [/etc/pki/tls/certs/localhost.crt]
删掉文件/etc/pki/tls/private/localhost.key文件,然后再make testcert。
为salt-api创建用户并设定密码,用户名没有特别要求,我就用saltapi好了。
[root@saltstack ~]#useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin saltapi
#由于是测试,故采用了弱密码"password",正式环境必须采用强密码,多用特殊字符
[root@saltstack ~]# passwd saltapi
新增加配置文件/etc/salt/master.d/api.conf和/etc/salt/master.d/eauth.conf
#该配置文件给予saltapi用户所有模块使用权限,出于安全考虑一般只给予特定模块使用权限
[root@saltstack master.d]# cat eauth.conf
external_auth:
pam:
saltapi:
- .*
[root@saltstack master.d]#
[root@saltstack master.d]# cat api.conf
rest_cherrypy:
port: 8888
ssl_crt: /etc/pki/tls/certs/localhost.crt
ssl_key: /etc/pki/tls/private/localhost_nopass.key
[root@saltstack master.d]#
寻找salt-api的启动脚本,我比较懒就不自己写了,在页面https://github.com/saltstack/salt-api/releases下载salt-api的tar.gz包,启动脚本在解压包的这个位置./pkg/rpm/salt-api。
不过提供的脚本貌似有个小的bug,就是使用restart参数时,salt-api能够stop但是不能start,如下:
[root@saltstack ~]# /etc/init.d/salt-api restart
Stopping salt-api daemon: [确定]
Starting salt-api daemon: [失败]
我估计可能是有些相关资源在下次启动前没有来得及释放造成的,解决方法很简单在脚本的restart函数的stop和start之间加上sleep语句。
restart() {
stop
sleep 1
start
}
然后重启就没有问题了
[root@saltstack ~]# /etc/init.d/salt-api restart
Stopping salt-api daemon: [确定]
Starting salt-api daemon: [确定]
[root@saltstack ~]#
最后重启salt-master在启动salt-api并将salt-api加入开机启动,安装就完成了。
[root@saltstack ~]# chkconfig salt-api on
[root@saltstack ~]# /etc/init.d/salt-master restart
Stopping salt-master daemon: [确定]
Starting salt-master daemon: [确定]
[root@saltstack ~]# /etc/init.d/salt-api restart
Stopping salt-api daemon: [确定]
Starting salt-api daemon: [确定]
[root@saltstack ~]#
# 使用(基本的使用方法)
登录获取token
[root@syndic02 ~]# curl -k https://192.168.186.134:8888/login -H "Accept: application/x-yaml" -d username='saltapi' -d password='password' -d eauth='pam'
return:
- eauth: pam
expire: 1416324685.2597771
perms:
- .*
start: 1416281485.2597761
token: 6171a922a9718ccb40e94ee7c8eb8768f4eea4e5
user: saltapi
获取token后就可以使用token通信
#相当于在salt-master本地执行salt \* test.ping
[root@syndic02 ~]# curl -k https://192.168.186.134:8888/ -H "Accept: application/x-yaml" -H "X-Auth-Token: 6171a922a9718ccb40e94ee7c8eb8768f4eea4e5" -d client='local' -d tgt='*' -d fun='test.ping'
return:
- syndic01: true
syndic01-minion02: true
syndic02: true
syndic02-minion02: true
#相当于在salt-master本地执行salt \* test.echo 'hello world'
[root@syndic02 ~]# curl -k https://192.168.186.134:8888/ -H "Accept: application/x-yaml" -H "X-Auth-Token: 6171a922a9718ccb40e94ee7c8eb8768f4eea4e5" -d client='local' -d tgt='*' -d fun='test.echo' -d arg='hello world'
return:
- syndic01: hello world
syndic01-minion02: hello world
syndic02: hello world
syndic02-minion02: hello world
[root@syndic02 ~]#
运维开发这样使用还是不方便的,下面写的是一个salt-api的类(其它的文章也提到过)可以参考。
#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding=utf-8
import urllib2, urllib, json, re
class saltAPI:
def __init__(self):
self.__url = 'https://192.168.186.134:8888' #salt-api监控的地址和端口如:'https://192.168.186.134:8888'
self.__user = 'saltapi' #salt-api用户名
self.__password = 'password' #salt-api用户密码
self.__token_id = self.salt_login()
def salt_login(self):
params = {'eauth': 'pam', 'username': self.__user, 'password': self.__password}
encode = urllib.urlencode(params)
obj = urllib.unquote(encode)
headers = {'X-Auth-Token':''}
url = self.__url + '/login'
req = urllib2.Request(url, obj, headers)
opener = urllib2.urlopen(req)
content = json.loads(opener.read())
try:
token = content['return'][0]['token']
return token
except KeyError:
raise KeyError
def postRequest(self, obj, prefix='/'):
url = self.__url + prefix
headers = {'X-Auth-Token' : self.__token_id}
req = urllib2.Request(url, obj, headers)
opener = urllib2.urlopen(req)
content = json.loads(opener.read())
return content['return']
def saltCmd(self, params):
obj = urllib.urlencode(params)
obj, number = re.subn("arg\d", 'arg', obj)
res = self.postRequest(obj)
return res
def main():
#以下是用来测试saltAPI类的部分
sapi = saltAPI()
params = {'client':'local', 'fun':'test.ping', 'tgt':'*'}
#params = {'client':'local', 'fun':'test.ping', 'tgt':'某台服务器的key'}
#params = {'client':'local', 'fun':'test.echo', 'tgt':'某台服务器的key', 'arg1':'hello'}
#params = {'client':'local', 'fun':'test.ping', 'tgt':'某组服务器的组名', 'expr_form':'nodegroup'}
test = sapi.saltCmd(params)
print test
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
测试效果
[root@syndic02 ~]# python salt-api.py
[{u'syndic02': True, u'syndic02-minion02': True, u'syndic01': True, u'syndic01-minion02': True}]
[root@syndic02 ~]#
以上只是一些基本的实例,salt-api还可以实现更多功能。
# 2016-5-30 update:
当前salt版本:2016.3
,官网对salt各模块安装配置文档做了整理重拍,更加清晰明了。
前段时间试着按官方的文档搭建了下salt环境,感觉安装更简单了,下面更新下 salt-api的安装:
# https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/ref/netapi/all/salt.netapi.rest_cherrypy.html
# 1、安装 salt-api
yum install salt-api
# 2、生成 https ssl 证书
salt-call --local tls.create_self_signed_cert
# 3、向master 配置文件中增加:
rest_cherrypy:
port: 8000
ssl_crt: /etc/pki/tls/certs/localhost.crt
ssl_key: /etc/pki/tls/certs/localhost.key
# 4、创建salt 用户
[root@saltstack ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin salt
[root@saltstack ~]# passwd salt
# 修改 master 配置信息
external_auth:
pam:
saltapi:
- .*
# 5、增加 api 访问信息
rest_cherrypy:
port: 8888
ssl_crt: /etc/pki/tls/certs/localhost.crt
ssl_key: /etc/pki/tls/private/localhost_nopass.key
到此,salt-api 安装配置完成。需要注意的是,有时候 yum 和 pip 使用的python 并不是一个,所以有些依赖包安装的时候,尽量统一使用一种包管理管理工具。